Youth suicide rates were observed to decline significantly during this period. 11 in which key suicide risk factors of youth psychopathology, family history of suicide, access to firearms and stressful life events were identified. This article is a 10-year update, following on a review of the previous decade of research in youth suicide carried out by Gould et al. 5, 6 The highest prevalence of adolescent suicide across genders is evidenced in Southeast Asia 7 and Eastern Europe, 8, 9 while it is the second leading cause of mortality in USA for teenagers between 15 and 19 years. 2ДЇor adolescents (although, there is a paucity of truly global epidemiological data available 3, 4), suicide continues to be a leading cause of mortality worldwide and remains a major public health concern. The global target is to reduce suicide rates by 10% by 2020. In recognition of the significant public health issue of suicide, the World Health Organization (WHO) has published вЂ Preventing Suicide: A Global Imperative вЂ™ (2014), in which actionable steps in the context of developing a wide-ranging multi-sectoral strategy towards suicide prevention 1 has been outlined. Overall, it is vital that clinicians adopt a holistic approach that incorporates an awareness of age and gender influences, and that cultural competency informs tailored and evaluated intervention programmes. Worldwide, the absence of child/adolescent-specific mental health policies may delay the development of care and suicide prevention. Gender and ethnic variations in suicidality are embedded within cultural, historical, psychological, relational and socio-economic domains. Further focused research concerning completed suicides of youth below the age of 18 is required across countries and cultures to understand more about risk as children progress through adolescence. Globally, suicide in teenagers remains a major public health concern. Often those with the highest need for mental health care (such as the suicidal adolescent) have least access to therapeutic support. Native and indigenous ethnic minority teens are at significantly increased risk of suicide in comparison to general population peers. The gender paradox of elevated suicidality in females with higher completed suicide rates in males is observed in teenage populations worldwide, with the notable exceptions of China and India. Wide gaps in our knowledge base exist concerning the true extent of teenage suicide due to lack of data, particularly in developing countries, resulting in a Western bias. As such, a review of research literature from 2003 to 2014 was conducted via a comprehensive search of relevant psychological and medical databases.

The object of this article is to review the past decade of research on teenage suicide, with a particular emphasis on epidemiologic trends by age, gender and indigenous ethnicity.

Teen suicide band influences